Gene Luoma: Inventr of zip-it
79-year-old Gene Luoma overcame muscular dystrophy, but he could not overcome the corrupt U.S. patent system.
Gene Luoma, a prolific inventor, worked on many inventions over the years and obtained a dozen of patents. One particular invention, known as Zip-it, went big-time. Zip-it is an easier, more effective way to unclog drains.
Zip-it was licensed to a company with thousands of stores
Gene was receiving significant royalties as the sales for this invention continued to increase. The licensee of this agreement, even agreed to help fight any companies who dared to infringe upon his patent. Everything looked good, and Gene felt like he had achieved the American Dream. However, when the top salesman for the licensee left the company and went to work for a competitor, they immediately created a knock-off of Gene’s invention.
Gene, assuming the U.S. Patent System could protect him, attempted to use his patent rights to stop the infringer, but they did not back his startup. Instead, they cost him and his family enormous financial and emotional burdens. Rather than protect his patent against infringers, the USPTO revoked his patent, and the appeals court endorsed this injustice.
Gene Luoma isn’t your prototypical inventor
He did not have any high-tech laboratories or expensive science equipment at his disposal; His love of inventing came solely from necessity.
Gene grew up on a farm near Duluth in rural Minnesota with nine siblings. Money was tight and if he needed something, the only way he could get it was if he made it on his own. He certainly did make a lot of things.
His very first invention came at about age 10 when he fashioned a can and some string to create an easier way to cut down weeds around the farm. At 14, he started falling down and noticed that his arms were getting weaker. But, as an avid bowhunter, Gene created a lever system to make it easier for his weakening arms to pull back the bow.
What he didn’t know then was that the muscle weakness he was experiencing was actually facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy, a condition that would get progressively worse as he aged. Rather than let those physical issues define him or deter him, Gene forged ahead and found ways to adapt to his changing physical condition.
He went to college and began a career working as an engineer at various companies. Along the way, he would develop a series of inventions that enhanced both productivity and profits.
Gene eventually married. He and his wife, Kathie, had three children. It was his daughter’s long hair that led to his breakthrough invention. He noticed that her hair was constantly clogging the drain and he tried everything to unclog it, to no avail.
Doing what he knows best, Gene developed an apparatus with plastic barbs made from an old, worn-out plastic sled that would reach down and pull his daughter’s hair out of the drain.
It worked like a charm. It performed so well that Gene decided to see if there were any other products like it in the marketplace. Finding none, in 2000, he filed for a patent and began the process of manufacturing and selling the product on the open market. His wife dubbed the device ‘Zip-It’ and they were off to the races. In 2004, Gene was officially granted his patent by the USPTO. In his filing for the patent, he included reference to 1906 Patent by D. Hymes. The patent examiner that determined the patentability of Gene’s patent, determined that there was a patentably distinct difference between the 1906 patent and Gene’s invention. Gene’s Zip-It invention was therefore determined, by the expert, patentable and granted.
Gene signed a licensing agreement with Cobra Products Co., a subsidiary company of MASCO. A few years later, more than 12 million units of Zip-It had been sold. Things were going amazingly well. He was incredibly grateful for the financial windfall because two of his three children had developed the same Muscular Dystrophy that he suffered from. As they each needed special care and expensive equipment in order to get around, Zip-It was proving to be a financial lifesaver for Gene and his family.
Unfortunately
things took a turn for the worse in 2011 when another company, GT Water, formed by a former Cobra employee, released a product eerily similar to Gene’s Zip-It. Cobra filed a cease and desist against GT Water, for patent infringement. They did not believe that GT Water would prevail, after all, GT Water had launched a product that was identical to the one for which Gene held a patent for years.
Traditionally, under the U.S. Patent System, a patent was a legal grant, a right to the exclusive use of your invention. If someone else believed they were entitled to the use of your invention, they would have to prove your patent was invalid in a regular court with a trial by jury. Instead, he was summoned to defend his patent in an administrative proceeding, in a specialized court for patent disputes called the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB). A court known for invalidating 84% of the patents they review.
GT Water challenged the patent’s validity and forced him into this unconstitutional, administrative court- The PTAB. All 12 of the claims that formed the basis for his patent were invalidated. While Gene’s licensing company, Cobra, agreed to share in the legal costs of defending against any patent disputes, the company disappeared when Gene needed them most, leaving him to fight against the giant corporation on his own. To make matters worse, Cobra even began infringing on Gene’s patent. They manufactured their own knock-off of Zip-it and stopped paying Gene royalties. Throughout the battle, Gene invested virtually all his savings with no resolution in sight.
It was during this time, that an appeals court ruled that the administrative judges of the PTAB are illegal under the constitution because judges must be appointed by the President and affirmed by the Senate. After all these years of court battles, it looked like Gene was going to get his chance to plead his case before a real judge. But the Director of the USPTO filed against Gene and a dozen other inventors at the Supreme Court, stating they do not have the right to a fair and impartial judge affirmed by the Senate. Instead, they state that the procedures used when picking these judges are good enough. The USPTO Director petitioned for the Supreme Court to uphold the illegal judge’s decision in invalidating Gene’s patent.
What was supposed to happen, as per the United States Constitution, did not. Instead, the Appeals Court upheld the decision of illegal patent judges that the Zip-it was obvious compared to the 1906 drain cleaner. After eleven years of battles, Gene’s Patent succumbed to the USPTO and the PTAB. Decided on March 11th, 2022, The Court of Appeals affirmed the PTAB’s decision and Gene lost his patent.
In 2003, when the USPTO and Patent Examiner granted the patent, they determined then it was nonobvious. In Gene’s filing for the patent, he included reference to the 1906 patent. The patent examiner, who is an expert in the field, determined that the 1906 patent and Gene’s patent were different and separate from each other in invention. This included, with the millions of sales of the product, show proof that it was nonobvious. But the unconstitutional, administrative court, and its entirety of three judges, decided, without jury, that it was obvious.
The USPTO proved, once again, that they will side with Big Tech over startups and inventors. Rather than protect his patent against infringers, the USPTO revoked his patent, and the appeals court endorsed this injustice.
GENE’s ZIP-IT PATENT
Gene’s Zip-It Patent:
The design of Gene’s patent was to remove hair from a drain using a long, flexible piece of plastic that contained multiple barbs along the length of the plastic. Attached to the plastic, contained a handle. A person can grab the handle, and slide the tool down the drain, and pull it back out of the drain. The backwards barbs will grab hold of the hair blocking the drain and remove it, unclogging the drain.
D. HYMES’ SEWER OPENER INVENTION
The design of Hymes’ patent was to clear large obstruction found in sewer pipes. It is a flat, ribbed piece of metal, with one end of it sharp, pointed and containing small barbs. It is coiled and extended to a straight position as necessary. The sewer opener is run into the pipe until the obstruction is reached then, with a slight forward and backward movement, the spear-point will penetrate the matter and the barbs will soon disintegrate the mass and open up the passage. Hymes’ invention is like a hole-saw. It does not remove obstruction, instead it cuts the pieces small enough to run down the pipe.